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Kardashev scale: a futuristic future of energy?

3 天之前· Most long-term energy forecasts simply lack imagination. In particular, most energy transition scenarios leave little room for new demand, which is why AI was a shock in 2024. But what if civilization was capable of harnessing vastly more energy? The Kardashev scale was proposed by Nikolai Kardashev, in 1964. It measures the technological

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Its ambition is to use wood residues to create carbon-negative plastics, cost-competitively with petroleum products and capture a "$1trn market opportunity".. Our patent analysis shows Origin has visibly been focused on 5-chloro-methyl furfural as a building block. For example, CMF can be reduced to MF (loss of chlorine), further reduced to DMF (loss of OH) and then combined

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Silicon carbide material is one of the hardest crystalline composites known to mankind, with an enormously high melting point of 2,700°C and very high chemical resistivity. Hence it is used in the steel/metals industry, aerospace, brake pads of high-end automobiles and bullet proof vests. Silicon carbide material is made by super-heating high-grade silica (SiO2) with petcoke (C) in

Global vehicle sales by manufacturer?

Electric vehicle sales by manufacturer are also disaggregated for 9M BEVs and 4M PHEVs sold in 2023 D and Tesla together sold 40% of the world''s EVs, while the top 10 list accounts for 75% of EVs and also includes VW, Stellantis (due to the Fiat 500e and Peugeot e-208) and GM (due to the Chevy Bolt range).. 2024 has seen weaker momentum for electric vehicles.

Power demands of AI?

To contextualize the growth that lies ahead, we have compiled data on US power generation installations, year by year, technology by technology, running back to 1950, including implications for turbine manufacturers, on pages 14-16.. The impacts of AI on US gas and power markets sharply accelerate US electricity demand, upgrade our US shale forecasts, especially

Energy transition: classic blunders?!

3 天之前· Posted on December 11, 2024 December 11, 2024 by Thunder Said Energy. Energy transition: classic blunders?! Classic blunders famously include "never start a land war in Asia" and "never go up against a Sicilian when death is on the line". But this video sets out what we believe are the three classic blunders that should be avoided by

Latest Ideas in the Energy Transition

The energy uplifts from solar trackers have been estimated at 10-50% in different studies. But we can do better than this broad range, and actually calculate both the energy uplift and the revenue uplift from first principles, on pages 5-8. The economics of solar trackers can therefore be modeled more effectively.

New Energies Research

Today''s lithium ion batteries have an energy density of 200-300 Wh/kg. I.e., they contain 4kg of material per kWh of energy storage. Technology gains can see lithium ion batteries'' energy densities doubling to 500Wh/kg in the 2030s, trebling to 750 Wh/kg by the 2040s, and the best possible energy densities are around 1,250 Wh/kg.

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This is a simple model calculating the economics of a typical rooftop solar water heater, which can save around 1T of CO2 per household per year and lower water heating bills by 50-80%.. Economics are more challenging, due ti high upfront capital costs, which are quantified in the data-file. Under our base case estimates, it would require a CO2 price of around $130/ton, to

Energy transition: classic blunders?!

Costs of LNG trucking in China and India?

The other angle that excites us in energy commodities is rising volatility, linked to geopolitics, and the ramp of volatile wind and solar, whose regional output varies +/- 10% per year, and whose global output varies +/- 5% per year. This creates volatility in demand for backups – e.g., LNG – and greater regional arbitrage potential.

Energy Transition Research Portal

This database contains a record of every company that has ever been mentioned across Thunder Said Energy''s energy transition research, as a useful reference for TSE''s clients. The database summarizes over 3,000 mentions of 1,400

Natural hydrogen: going for gold?

110MTpa of global hydrogen is produced today, emitting 1.3GTpa of CO2, costing $0.8/kg.The market grows to 220MTpa by 2050, mostly blue H2, at $1.2-1.5/kg, per our hydrogen outlook, which is re-capped on page 2.. But what if gold hydrogen could be recovered from the subsurface of the Earth, analogous to the development of natural gas?Could the

Can GDP decouple from energy demand?

Some commentators argue that energy demand will naturally plateau as GDP rises in the future – or at least the beta between energy use and GDP will fall dramatically. As evidence, the energy consumption within developed world countries has hardly increased over the past 20-years, even as GDP per capita rose by 25%.

Global uranium supply-demand?

Our global uranium supply-demand model sees the market 5% under-supplied through 2030, including 7% market deficits at peak in 2025, as demand ramps from 165M lbs pa to 230M lbs pa in 2030. This is even after generous risking and no room for disruptions. What implications for broader power markets, decarbonization ambitions, and uranium prices?

Companies exposed to AI?

1,500 companies have been mentioned 2,500 times in our research since 2019, and our energy transition research now includes over 1,400 research notes, data-files and models.Hence this report is part of a quarterly series summarizing the key conclusions across our work. In 1H24, the #1 theme that has excited the entire energy world has been the rise of AI.

Global PGM demand: breakdown by metal and use?

Core global PGM demand ran at 565 tons in 2023, which remains c6% lower than the all-time peak demand of 600Tpa in 2019. We model a recovery to 700 Tpa of demand for platinum, palladium and rhodium in 2030, then a long-run decline to 350Tpa if EVs ultimately reach 90% of vehicle sales by 2050.

Electricity demand for electric vehicles?

Note real world energy consumption can be 20-60% higher than stated by manufacturers or on test-cycles, especially during cold weather. Global electricity consumption for electric vehicles likely reaches 120TWH in 2024 (0.4% of

EV incentives: vehicle taxes by country?

In one of the most entertaining energy-themed advertisements of all time, Will Ferrell laments Norway''s lead over the United States in electric vehicle ownership. 90% of Norway''s new vehicle purchases were BEVs/PHEVs in 2023, and electric vehicles make up 26% of the fleet.What is not in the advertisement is the tax policy that has propelled EVs to such high adoption in many

Why the Thunder Said?

Or more specifically, five energy transitions are underway at the same time. They include the rise of renewables, shale oil, digital technologies, environmental improvements and new forms of energy demand. This is our rationale for establishing a new research consultancy, Thunder Said Energy, at the nexus of energy-technology and energy-economics.

What drives global oil demand?

Posted on August 22, 2024 August 23, 2024 by Thunder Said Energy. Oil demand: making millions? What does it take to move global oil demand by 1Mbpd? This 22-page note ranks fifteen themes, based on their costs and possible impacts, to show what drives global oil demand, where risks lie for oil markets, and where opportunities are greatest to

Uranium enrichment: by country, by company, by facility?

Global uranium enrichment by country, by company and by facility are estimated in this data-file, covering the 155M lbs pa uranium market. The data-file includes a build-up of enrichment facilities (ranked by SWU capacity), notes on each enrichment company (including the big four) and an attempt to map the world''s uranium production to where it is enriched and then ultimately

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Solar Pro.